Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41210974›Full record

ArticleiScience2025

The distinct roles of TGF-β signaling in retinal development.

Chi-Yu Chen, Chia-Chun Liu, Dimitrios Stavropoulos, Pei-Kang Liu, Yu-Chih Chen, Shining Wang, Mishal Rao, Catalina Sun, Ying Zhu, Ziming Luo and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in iScience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. [Growth differentiation factor 11 attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in rat H9C2 cardiomyocytesNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Chi-Yu ChenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Chia-Chun LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Dimitrios StavropoulosDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Pei-Kang LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Yu-Chih ChenDepartment of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Shining WangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Mishal RaoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Catalina SunSpencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Ying ZhuSpencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Ziming LuoSpencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Evan G CameronDepartment of Ophthalmic Research, Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute and Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Jeffrey L GoldbergSpencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Kun-Che ChangDepartment of Ophthalmology, Louis J. Fox Center for Vision Restoration, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Funding

VECTOR CORE FACILITYP30CA047904 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI CHRISTOPHER J. BAKKENIST · 1988 to 2026
$158.0M
Project 3: Hedgehog Inhibition to Enhance Response to ICI TherapyP50CA272218 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI FRANCESMARY MODUGNO · 2023 to 2026
$11.0M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA047904NCI NIH HHS P50 CA272218
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) transmit visual information from the eye to the brain, but do not regenerate after damage. Understanding RGC development aids regeneration. In this study, we investigated the regulatory network of two transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) superfamily proteins, growth and differentiation factors (GDF) 11 and 15, which exhibit opposing effects on RGC differentiation. To explore their roles in retinal development, we studied GDF11, GDF15, and Tgfβr2 using cre-driven conditional knockout mice. Gdf11 deletion promoted RGC differentiation, an effect lost when Gdf15 was also knocked out, suggesting that GDF15 counteracts the differentiation-promoting effects of GDF11.

Indexed as

Cell biologyDevelopmental biologyTranscriptomics

Identifiers

PMID41210974
PMCPMC12590481

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.