A Rare Case of Adult Rhabdomyoma in the Parapharyngeal Space: Diagnostic Challenges and Surgical Management.

Introduction: Adult rhabdomyoma (ARM) is an exceedingly rare benign neoplasm accounting for less than 2% of all striated muscle tumors. Originating from striated muscle cells, it primarily occurs in the head and neck region but is particularly rare in the parapharyngeal space. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 64-year-old male patient who presented with a 6-month history of progressive dysphagia and globus pharyngeus. CT and MRI scans revealed a well-defined multilobular mass in the right parapharyngeal space. Surgical excision was performed, and histopathological evaluation confirmed ARM. ARM diagnosis presents a challenge due to nonspecific clinical and radiological manifestations. Histopathological examination remains the gold standard for definitive diagnosis. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, and close postoperative monitoring is crucial due to high recurrence rates. Conclusion: This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and treatment modalities for ARM in a rare anatomical location. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating radiological, cytological, and histopathological evaluations is essential for accurate diagnosis and effective management.