ArticleProceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)2025
Variations in West Nile viral infections across North and Central Texas.
Article in Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Background: West Nile virus is a single-stranded RNA arbovirus with variable clinical presentation. Methods: To better understand the clinical characteristics, diagnostic evaluation, and outcomes, we performed a retrospective analysis of the Baylor Scott & White Health medical records for hospitalized adult patients with West Nile virus from January 1, 2015, to September 1, 2024. Results: A total of 79 patients were included. Most were male (55.7%) with a mean age of 64.15 years. The highest concentration of cases was reported in Dallas County (34.2%) and Tarrant County (22.8%). Seventy-three patients (92.4%) had neuroinvasive disease, while 6 patients (7.8%) had nonneuroinvasive disease. Presenting symptoms included fever (73.43%), confusion (49.59%), and weakness (40.51%). Six patients (7.6%) were found to have acute ischemic stroke during their admission. Fifteen patients (18.99%) died. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis generally showed elevated protein (mean value 104.7 mg/dL) with either neutrophilic (mean 32%) or lymphocytic pleocytosis (mean 51.6%). None of the treatments analyzed (intravenous immunoglobulin, plasma exchange, and steroids) was found to have any significant effect on morbidity and mortality. Conclusion: West Nile virus is a common recurring disease across Texas. While some cases progress to neuroinvasive disease, there appears to be no meaningful way to predict these cases based on clinical and demographic data.
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