ReviewBladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Urothelial carcinoma and the potential clinical application of urinary extracellular vesicles: Current Status and prospects.
Review in Bladder cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immunohistochemical assessment of vimentin expression and Ki-67 proliferation index in conventional urothelial carcinoma: a study of 60 Egyptian patients.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Recently, urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring in urothelial carcinoma (UC). uEVs encapsulate nucleic acids, proteins, and other bioactive molecules that reflect the tumor microenvironment, potentially offering a non-invasive approach for real-time cancer assessment. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, focusing on recent studies evaluating uEVs in UC, particularly regarding their molecular contents, such as microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNA (circRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins. Studies that assessed the clinical utility of uEVs for diagnosis, prognosis, and individualized treatment guidance in UC were emphasized. Results: Studies have identified a variety of EV-RNAs and EV-proteins as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, with some showing promise for treatment response. However, challenges in validation, limited cohort sizes, and inconsistent findings have hindered their clinical application. Liquid biopsies using uEVs are advancing UC precision medicine by improving diagnostic accuracy, identifying molecular subtypes, and potentially predicting therapeutic responses. Conclusions: UEVs are promising for UC management, offering a minimally invasive, accessible source of biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Although further research and large-scale validation are needed, the integration of uEVs into clinical practice has the potential to transform UC patient care by providing precise personalized management strategies. Continued advances in EV research and biomarker discovery may ultimately lead to more effective targeted UC therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.