Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41209345›Full record

ArticleComputational and structural biotechnology journal2025

Multimodal fusion strategies for survival prediction in breast cancer: A comparative deep learning study.

Aurora Sucre, Xabier Calle Sánchez, Laura Valeria Perez-Herrera, María dM Vivanco, María Jesús García-González, Karen López-Linares, Borja Calvo, Alba Garin-Muga

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Computational and structural biotechnology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. An Interpretable Omics-to-Image Transformer Framework for Cancer Prognosis Prediction.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Aurora SucreFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
Xabier Calle SánchezFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
Laura Valeria Perez-HerreraFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
María dM VivancoCancer Heterogeneity Lab, CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Derio 48160, Spain.
María Jesús García-GonzálezFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
Karen López-LinaresFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
Borja CalvoDepartment of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of the Basque Country (EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain.
Alba Garin-MugaFundación Vicomtech, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Mikeletegi 57, Donostia-San Sebastián 20009, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Accurate survival prediction in breast cancer remains a key challenge in oncology, requiring models that can integrate diverse clinical, molecular, and imaging data sources to guide breast cancer management. While recent deep learning models have explored multimodal integration for cancer survival prediction, their generalizability to unseen data remains limited. In this study, we developed and optimized unimodal and multimodal models for breast cancer survival prediction, systematically assessing our optimized early and late integration strategies and their impact on out-of-sample generalization performance. We integrated clinical variables, somatic mutations, RNA expression, copy number variation, miRNA expression, and histopathology images from The Cancer Genome Atlas breast cancer dataset. Across all modality combinations, late fusion models consistently outperformed early fusion approaches and late and intermediate benchmark methods, with the combination of omics and clinical data yielding the highest test-set concordance indices. Explainability analyses showed that our models captured biologically relevant features associated with patient survival. These findings highlight the value of late-fusion multimodal deep learning frameworks for robust and explainable survival prediction in breast cancer.

Indexed as

Breast cancerDeep learningMultimodal fusionMultiomicsNeural networksSurvival prediction

Identifiers

PMID41209345
PMCPMC12595345

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.