Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41208702›Full record

ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2026

A Microphysiological Interface of Skeletal Myobundles and Inflamed Adipose Tissue for Recapitulating Muscle Dysfunction in an Obese Microenvironment.

Seunggyu Kim, Tianxin Cao, Zhengpeng Wan, Jaesang Kim, Zhuxuan Li, Legairre A Radden Ii, Rakesh Santhanam, Eunkyung Clare Ko, Tatsuya Osaki, Sarah Spitz and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Seunggyu KimDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0661-4583
Tianxin CaoCardiovascular-Renal Metabolic Diseases Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, 06877, USA.
Zhengpeng WanDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Jaesang KimDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
Zhuxuan LiOncology Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, 06877, USA.
Legairre A Radden IiImmunology and Respiratory Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, 06877, USA.
Rakesh SanthanamComputational Innovation Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co., 88400, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
Eunkyung Clare KoDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Tatsuya OsakiPicower Institute for Learning and Memory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Sarah SpitzDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Hyunmin MoonDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Maria ProestakiDepartment of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Seokbeom RohDepartment of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.
Gyudo LeeDepartment of Digital Healthcare Engineering, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.
Jessie S JeonDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
Curtis R WarrenCardiovascular-Renal Metabolic Diseases Research Department, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Ridgefield, Connecticut, 06877, USA.
Roger D KammDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7232-304X

Funding

Boehringer-IngelheimKorea University GrantsNational Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by Korea government (MSIT) RS-2025-02283193National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by Korea government (MSIT) RS-2025-20852984
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Systemic inflammation associated with obesity impairs skeletal muscle function through paracrine signaling from intermuscular adipose tissue-adipose depots situated between adjacent skeletal muscle groups-as well as from visceral adipose tissue, which consist of infiltrating macrophages surrounding inflamed adipocytes. These signals disrupt metabolic homeostasis and reduce muscle contractility, yet existing models are limited in their ability to recapitulate the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and inflamed adipose tissue in a physiologically relevant context. To address this, a human cell-based microphysiological system is developed that combines engineered muscle tissue (EMT) with an inflamed adipose-macrophage co-culture (IAMC) to model obesity-associated muscle dysfunction. EMTs, derived from human myoblasts on micropillar devices, self-assembled into 3D contractile myobundles. IAMC are generated by co-culturing inflamed adipocytes with pro-inflammatory M1-polarized macrophages, thereby recapitulating the obese inflammatory microenvironment. EMT-IAMC co-culture significantly reduced muscle contractility. Furthermore, cytokine profiling revealed elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, and transcriptomic analysis showed metabolic reprogramming in EMTs, including upregulation of genes linked to fatty acid transport and insulin resistance. Collectively, these findings underscore the detrimental effects of inflamed adipose tissue on skeletal muscle function and suggest the potential utility of an interfaced platform for studying adipose-muscle interactions and screening therapies for obesity-related muscle dysfunction.

Indexed as

Adipose TissueInflammationMuscle, SkeletalObesityAdipocytesCoculture TechniquesCytokinesHumansMacrophagesTissue EngineeringCytokines3D engineered muscle tissueadipose‐muscle crosstalkinflammatory obese microenvironmentmicrophysiological systems

Identifiers

PMID41208702
PMCPMC12864593

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.