Observational studyQJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians2026
Changes in fish and coffee intake and pain intensity in older adults: longitudinal results from the COPERNICUS study.
Observational study in QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPain intensity frequently increases with age, impacting quality of life in older adults. Fish and coffee consumption, may influence pain trajectories, but longitudinal evidence remains limited.
aimTo investigate the association between changes in fish and coffee consumption frequency and alterations in pain intensity over 2 years in older adults.
designA longitudinal observational study assessing changes in dietary patterns and pain intensity over a 2-year follow-up.
methodsA sample of 205 healthy older adults was evaluated at baseline and after 2 years. Pain intensity was measured using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (0-10). Coffee and fish consumption frequencies were recorded weekly and categorized as decreased, no change, or increased over the study period. Analyses were adjusted for confounders: age, sex, depression severity changes, health self-assessment, and analgesic use.
resultsAn increase in fish consumption, compared to a decrease, was associated with a 4.45-point reduction in pain intensity (95% CI: -7.06 to -1.84; P = 0.003). Increasing fish intake relative to no change corresponded to a 2-point reduction (95% CI: -3.71 to -0.29; P = 0.03). Conversely, increased coffee intake, compared to a decrease, was linked to a 6.56-point rise in pain intensity (95% CI: 3.93 to 9.19; P = 0.0001), and compared to no change, with a 2.83-point increase (95% CI: 1.48 to 4.18; P = 0.0004).
conclusionsIncreasing fish consumption was associated with changes in pain intensity in older adults, while increased coffee intake was linked to higher pain levels, however, caution is needed interpreting conclusions.
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