Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41205066›Full record

Observational studyCurrent microbiology2025

Decoding Weather Fingerprints of Upper Respiratory Pathogens: A One-year Observational Study in Northern Greece.

Zafeiris Tsinaris, Georgios Meletis, Areti Tychala, Christina-Chrysanthi Theocharidou, Alexandros Greco, Triantafyllia Chatziantoniou, Rodoula Dimitriadou, Chrysa Chantzi, Eleni Georgiadou, Georgia Kagkalou and 4 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Current microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Zafeiris TsinarisDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. ztsinaris@uth.gr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7823-071X
Georgios MeletisDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8750-513X
Areti TychalaDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Christina-Chrysanthi Theocharidou1st, Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Thessaloniki ″G. Papanikolaou″, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-9626
Alexandros GrecoDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Triantafyllia ChatziantoniouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Rodoula DimitriadouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Chrysa ChantziDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eleni GeorgiadouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Georgia KagkalouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Olga VasilakiDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Paraskevi MantzanaDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Lemonia SkouraDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Efthymia ProtonotariouDepartment of Microbiology, School of Medicine, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8755-1662

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

abstactRespiratory infections demonstrate characteristic seasonal variations influenced by environmental factors; however, the specific meteorological determinants for individual pathogens remain insufficiently defined. This retrospective study investigated associations between weather parameters and the prevalence of upper respiratory pathogens in northern Greece from December 2023 to November 2024. Nasopharyngeal specimens collected from patients at AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki with suspected infections were analyzed using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Meteorological data were incorporated through a novel timeweighted approach that aligned weather data with pathogen-specific incubation periods. Among 1,754 samples analyzed, winter exhibited the highest positivity rate. Distinct seasonal and meteorological relationships were identified across pathogens. Influenza A was associated with colder and more humid conditions, Adenovirus predominated in warmer periods, and other viruses displayed year-round or seasonally limited circulation. Distinct correlation profiles were also observed, including variations in temperature-humidity relationships among specific pathogens. These findings reveal pathogen-specific meteorological signatures extending beyond conventional seasonality and highlight the utility of time-weighted environmental modeling for improving predictive surveillance and public health preparedness.

Indexed as

Respiratory Tract InfectionsVirusesWeatherAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolFemaleGreeceHumansMaleMiddle AgedNasopharynxRetrospective StudiesSeasonsTemperature

Identifiers

PMID41205066

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.