Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41204438›Full record

ReviewJournal of food science2025

Bioactive Compounds of Ilex paraguariensis: A Critical Update on Extraction, Gastrointestinal Stability, and Technological Applications.

Sandra Maria Schenatto Palavicini, Bruna Maria Saorin Puton, Rosangela Assis Jacques, Eunice Valduga, Geciane Toniazzo Backes, Natalia Paroul, Clarice Steffens, Rogério Luis Cansian

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of food science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Cosmeceutical Potential of Matcha (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  4. Nutrients · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Sandra Maria Schenatto PalaviciniDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Bruna Maria Saorin PutonDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Rosangela Assis JacquesChemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Eunice ValdugaDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Geciane Toniazzo BackesDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8652-8399
Natalia ParoulDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Clarice SteffensDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4394-125X
Rogério Luis CansianDepartment of Food Engineering, URI, Erechim, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil., commonly known as yerba mate, is a native South American species widely used in traditional beverages such as chimarrão, terere, and mate tea. In recent years, this plant has attracted growing scientific and industrial interest due to its richness in bioactive compounds such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, methylxanthines, and saponins, which are associated with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and neurostimulant properties. This review article provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the botanical, genetic, and agronomic aspects of I. paraguariensis, also discussing how industrial processing, conventional and advanced extraction methods, and consumption forms influence its phytochemical and functional composition. Particular emphasis is given to studies on simulated gastrointestinal digestion, which reveal the bioaccessibility and stability of key compounds such as chlorogenic acid and caffeine. The review also explores the wide range of technological applications of yerba mate, spanning functional foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, biodegradable packaging, and international patents. Current data highlight the potential of yerba mate as a functional and strategic ingredient for the development of safe and sustainable products, while also identifying relevant scientific gaps, such as the lack of comparative studies between cultivars and standardized extraction methods that need to be addressed to support health claims. By integrating multidisciplinary knowledge, this work provides solid foundations for the scientific and technological valorization of I. paraguariensis.

Indexed as

Ilex paraguariensisPhytochemicalsPlant ExtractsAntioxidantsDigestionFlavonoidsGastrointestinal TractHumansAntioxidantsFlavonoidsPhytochemicalsPlant Extractsbioactive compoundsextractionfunctional foodsIlex paraguariensissimulated digestiontechnological innovation

Identifiers

PMID41204438
PMCPMC12595258

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.