ArticleBiology of sex differences2025
Sexually dimorphic responses in androgen metabolism and signalling in the non-human primate placenta to moderate maternal undernutrition.
Article in Biology of sex differences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Current Status of Animal Models for Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Similarities to Clinical Manifestations and Therapeutic Applications.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Maternal Exercise and Nutrition Function as Interconnected Regulators of Embryonic Organogenesis and Fetal Development.Nutrients · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMaternal nutrient restriction (MNR) can increase maternal androgen concentrations during pregnancy and cause placental dysfunction leading to reduced fetal growth, especially in males. Placental androgen metabolism, as well as differential expression and subcellular localisation of androgen receptor (AR) variants, modulates androgen signalling, which may benefit placental function; however, the impact of MNR on these adaptations remains undefined. We characterised the impact of MNR and fetal sex on placental androgen signalling in a non-human primate model of pregnancy.
methodsPregnant baboons (Papio spp.) were randomly assigned to control diet (Ctrl; offspring female n = 5, male n = 6) or MNR diet (70% of global Ctrl; offspring female n = 5, male n = 5) at 0.16 gestation (term = ~ 180 days). Fetuses were delivered by Caesarean section at 0.9 gestation and placenta collected. Molecular measures of sex steroid signalling and placental function were quantified using established LC-MS/MS assays, Western blot, and qRT-PCR. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA (factors: diet, sex) with Tukey's multiple comparison test.
resultsCYP17A1, SRD5A1, and PGF expression was higher, whereas HSD3B1, CYP19A1, and ANGPT2 was lower in male compared to female placentae, independent of diet. KDR expression and CYP19A1 activity increased in MNR versus Ctrl in females only. Cytoplasmic expression of the antagonistic AR variant, AR-45, was higher in males, whereas MNR increased cytoplasmic and nuclear AR-45 expression independent of sex.
conclusionsDifferences in placental steroidogenic and angiogenic genes, as well as androgen metabolism and signalling, may explain sex-specific placental responses to MNR. Better understanding of molecular regulators of androgen signalling may lead to novel, targetable therapeutics that improve placental function in complicated pregnancies associated with increased androgen concentrations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.