Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41204264›Full record

ArticlePerioperative medicine (London, England)2025

Reducing misclassification of medical waste: nudging stakeholders to reduce waste misclassification in a novel simulated operating room built environment.

Jonathan J Szeto, Hope Kim, Catherine Z Shen, Cody Chapman, Julia Tchou, Caoimhe C Duffy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Perioperative medicine (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jonathan J SzetoPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Hope KimPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Catherine Z ShenPerelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Cody ChapmanPenn Medicine Center for Healthcare Transformation & Innovation, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Julia TchouDivision of Breast Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Caoimhe C DuffyDepartment of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. caoimhe.duffy@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe OR generates over 30% of a healthcare facility's total waste, with more than 60% classified as regulated medical waste (RMW). Municipal waste (MW) is commonly incorrectly classified as RMW, resulting in unnecessary costs and environmental burden. As such, this pilot study aimed to determine if interventions that provide visual cues for waste classification and improve ergonomics in the operating room (OR) can improve waste sorting accuracy.

methodsIn groups of two to four, participants were tasked with quickly solving tangram puzzles while periodically given simulated medical waste to dispose of into either a MW container or a RMW container. Groups first engaged in a control simulation, followed by an intervention simulation where educational signage and the novel adapted waste bin was placed in the OR. Sorting accuracy was assessed, and participants completed a post-participation survey.

results23 participants took part of this pilot study. The proportion of correctly classified waste increased between control (53%) and intervention (88%) conditions, p < 0.01. Cost (n = 21) and sustainability (n = 20) were highly cited reasons why it might be important to correctly dispose of waste. Participants cited location of the containers (n = 13), time issues or OR stress (n = 10), and confusion in waste classification (n = 13) as barriers to accurate waste sorting.

conclusionParticipants had significant improvement in OR waste classification accuracy after the implementation of educational signage and a novel adapted bin system. These strategies can be employed to increase waste sorting accuracy in the OR or be used as an educational tool during trainings to improve staff understanding of proper waste disposal.

Indexed as

OR Waste ManagementRegulated Medical WasteSustainability

Identifiers

PMID41204264
PMCPMC12595910

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.