Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41203990›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of antibiotics2026

Reversion of multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Amina Hayat, Aalia Khanem, Ikram Ullah, Muhammad Riaz, Farhan Younas

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Article in The Journal of antibiotics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Amina HayatCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Aalia KhanemCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Ikram UllahCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Muhammad RiazCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Farhan YounasCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (CIRBS), International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan. farhan.younas@iiu.edu.pk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6422-3842

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibiotics have transformed the treatment of bacterial infections, but their efficacy is increasingly threatened by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Resistance mechanisms, such as target site modification, efflux pumps, and porin loss, necessitate alternative strategies, including the use of non-antibiotic adjuvants. This study evaluated the synergistic effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) combined with antibiotics on the antimicrobial susceptibility of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Clinical E. coli strains were exposed to antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, ampicillin) with or without NSAIDs (acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen). Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed via disk diffusion, while minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MICs/MBCs) were determined to quantify interactions. Membrane integrity was evaluated through cytoplasmic contents release assays. NSAIDs significantly enhanced antibiotic susceptibility, reducing MICs/MBCs in most strains. Membrane leakage assays demonstrated increased release of intracellular components, suggesting compromised membrane integrity. The strongest synergy was observed with ciprofloxacin-ibuprofen combinations. NSAIDs potentiate antibiotic activity against resistant E. coli, likely through membrane disruption. This adjuvant approach could help combat AMR and warrants further investigation.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEscherichia coliCiprofloxacinDrug SynergismEscherichia coli InfectionsHumansIbuprofenMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCiprofloxacinIbuprofen

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.