Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41203947›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cancer2026

Exposure to nitrosatable drugs during pregnancy and childhood cancer: A cohort study in Taiwan.

Chuanjie Deng, Ya-Hui Hu, Anupong Sirirungreung, Eugenia Yupei Chock, Zeyan Liew, Beate Ritz, Pei-Chen Lee, Julia E Heck

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Chuanjie DengDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7069-4237
Ya-Hui HuDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Anupong SirirungreungDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Eugenia Yupei ChockDepartment of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Zeyan LiewDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Beate RitzDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Pei-Chen LeeDepartment of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7813-0823
Julia E HeckDepartment of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8713-8413

Funding

Cancer Epidemiology Education in Special Populations Program-15R25CA112383 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA MEDICAL CENTER · PI Amr Soliman · 2006 to 2026
$6.1M
Maternal acetaminophen use and childhood cancerR03CA273608 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS · PI HECK, JULIA · 2022 to 2023
$159k
Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation for Childhood Cancer 17-01882National Science and Technology Council (Taiwan) NSTC 112-2314-B-006-068-MY3NCI NIH HHS R03 CA273608NCI NIH HHS R25 CA112383US National Institutes of Health R03CA273608US National Institutes of Health R25CA112383
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nitrosatable drugs can contribute to the endogenous formation of N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) in humans. NOCs are carcinogenic in animal systems. However, the relationship between nitrosatable drug exposure in pregnancy and childhood cancer risk remains inconclusive. Using the Taiwan Maternal and Child Health Database (N = 2,090,806), we conducted a population-based cohort study of mother-child pairs with children born 2004-2015, to investigate the link between exposure to nitrosatable drugs in pregnancy and childhood cancer risk among offspring. Prescriptions of nitrosatable drugs were obtained from the National Health Insurance Program, and cancer cases were ascertained through linkage to the Cancer Registry. Cox proportional hazards regression models were applied to estimate both crude and adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Among 3203 cancer cases, nitrosatable drug exposure was associated with higher risks of neuroblastoma (aHR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.95-1.73) and hepatoblastoma (aHR = 1.49, 95% CI: 0.97-2.28). Neuroblastoma (aHR = 1.32, 95% CI: 0.96-1.82) and osteosarcoma (aHR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.07-3.89) were most strongly associated with amides, while the risk of hepatoblastoma was highest among offspring of tertiary amine users (aHR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.00-2.46), compared to other functional groups. Some results may need to be interpreted with caution due to the wide confidence intervals. Our findings highlight the need for future research into the biological mechanisms between NOCs and childhood cancer.

Indexed as

Maternal ExposureNeoplasmsNitroso CompoundsPrenatal Exposure Delayed EffectsAdultChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMalePregnancyProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsNitroso Compoundschildhood cancerin‐utero exposurenitrosatable drugN‐nitroso compoundTaiwanese population‐based study

Identifiers

PMID41203947
PMCPMC12683778

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.