Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41201497›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

RNAI-based strategies and nanomaterial-mediated delivery for green control of clubroot disease in rapeseed.

Miaomiao Cui, Zanzan Xu, Zheng Shi, Jiasen Cheng, Jiatao Xie, Yang Lin, Yanping Fu, Tom Hsiang, Daohong Jiang, Tao Chen

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Miaomiao CuiState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Zanzan XuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Zheng ShiState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Jiasen ChengState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Jiatao XieState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
Yang LinState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Yanping FuState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Tom HsiangEnvironmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Daohong JiangState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China.
Tao ChenState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China. Electronic address: taochen@mail.hzau.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionClubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae, threatens crucifers globally. RNAi shows promise for disease control, yet its use against clubroot is unexplored.

objectivesThis study aimed to evaluate RNAi-based strategies for combating P. brassicae infection in rapeseed (Brassica napus), focusing on two pyruvate kinase genes (PbPK1 and PbPK2) involved in glycolysis.

methodsWe identified PbPK1 and PbPK2 from P. brassicae genomic and transcriptomic data. The uptake of exogenous dsRNA by the pathogen was confirmed through fluorescence-labeling experiments. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) transgenic Arabidopsis and rapeseed lines targeting PbPK1 or PbPK2 were generated, and small RNA sequencing confirmed the production of 21-nt siRNAs. We then evaluated their resistance to clubroot disease. Additionally, dsRNA targeting PbPK1 and PbPK2 was complexed with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) for root delivery, and their efficacy was assessed in both pot and field trials. A safety assessment and off-target analysis were also conducted.

resultsUpon P. brassicae inoculation, PbPK1 and PbPK2 were silenced by 41%-56% in HIGS plants. The PbPK1-RNAi lines in Arabidopsis and rapeseed significantly reduced the clubroot disease index, suppressed pathogen biomass accumulation in roots, and disrupted pathogen development, whereas the PbPK2-RNAi lines exhibited no resistance. The PbPK1-dsRNA-MSN complex, which enters cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis, effectively silenced PbPK1 in rapeseed roots, reduced disease severity in trials, and enhanced resistance, while the PbPK2-dsRNA-MSNs had no therapeutic effect. The safety assessment showed that there was no influence on rapeseed seed germination and root growth, and no harm to non-target organisms such as earthworms and zebrafish.

conclusionOur findings demonstrate that both HIGS and nanomaterial-mediated dsRNA delivery are viable, eco-friendly strategies for clubroot control. PbPK1, a key glycolytic enzyme, emerges as a promising RNAi target. This study provides novel genetic tools and approaches for sustainable clubroot management and disease-resistant crop breeding.

Indexed as

Brassica napusNanostructuresPlant DiseasesPlasmodiophoridaRNA InterferenceArabidopsisDisease ResistancePlant RootsPlants, Genetically ModifiedPyruvate KinasePyruvate KinaseClubrootHIGSNanomaterial-mediated deliveryPyruvate kinaseRapeseedRNAi

Identifiers

PMID41201497
PMCPMC13316507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.