Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41200503›Full record

ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2025

Phylogenetic Characterization and Pathogenicity in Cattle and Pigs of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses Circulating in Myanmar Between 2016 and 2022.

Rie Kawaguchi, Tatsuya Nishi, Katsuhiko Fukai, Khin Ohnmar Lwin, Kazuki Morioka

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Rie KawaguchiTransboundary Animal Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 6-20-1, Josui-honcho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6047-8406
Tatsuya NishiTransboundary Animal Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 6-20-1, Josui-honcho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan.
Katsuhiko FukaiTransboundary Animal Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 6-20-1, Josui-honcho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8422-1681
Khin Ohnmar LwinVeterinary Medicine and Disease Control Division, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Office Building No. (36), Pantita Street, Zeyar Thiri Township, Nay Pyi Taw 15013, Myanmar.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8146-1395
Kazuki MoriokaTransboundary Animal Disease Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 6-20-1, Josui-honcho, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-0022, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5604-8669

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious and serious transboundary disease affecting cloven-hoofed animals. Myanmar is a critical area for FMD outbreaks in Southeast and East Asian regions because of its geographical location bordering South Asian countries and its cattle industry. Phylogenetic characterization and pathogenicity in susceptible animals of circulating viruses in Myanmar are essential to prepare the rapid and accurate diagnosis and implement effective FMD prevention. This study analyzed a total of 34 vesicular epithelial samples collected from FMD cases in northern, central, and southern Myanmar between 2016 and 2022. Phylogenetic analysis of VP1 nucleotide sequences revealed multiple serotypes and topotypes between 2016 and 2019, including serotype O/Middle East-South Asia (ME-SA) topotype (O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e) and Southeast Asia (SEA) topotype, and serotype A/ASIA topotype. Subsequently, all viruses across Myanmar detected from 2019 to 2022 belonged to O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e. Phylogenetic analysis of the whole genome sequence showed that O/ME-SA/Ind-2001e viruses detected after 2019 were classified into a different genetic group with those of 2016 isolates in Myanmar. Based on phylogenetic analysis, one representative strain from 2019 that was genetically similar to viruses detected from 2019 to 2022 and to a 2022 Indonesian isolate was selected for pathogenicity testing in comparison with a 2016 strain closely related to viruses from neighboring countries. Both strains were used for experimental infection in pigs and showed similar pathogenicity. The 2019 strain was additionally tested in cattle and caused typical FMD pathogenicity, including vesicular development and virus excretion. Viral genes and antibodies in infected animals were detectable using existing diagnostic methods, which are considered useful for identifying currently circulating viruses. These results elucidate the subtypes of FMD viruses (FMDVs) circulating in Myanmar, their phylogenetic relationships with viruses from neighboring Asian countries, their pathogenicity, and the applicability of available diagnostic methods. It offers insights into appropriate control strategies against FMD in Southeast and East Asian regions.

Indexed as

Cattle DiseasesFoot-and-Mouth DiseaseFoot-and-Mouth Disease VirusSwine DiseasesAnimalsCattleMyanmarPhylogenySwineVirulence

Identifiers

PMID41200503
PMCPMC12588753

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