ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2025
Column experiment reveals high natural attenuation potential for toluene in iron-rich aquifers but significant concomitant secondary Fe pollution risk.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Iron mineral reduction mediated by indigenous microbes represents a crucial natural attenuation mechanism for organic contaminants like toluene in anaerobic aquifers, yet the partitioning of generated Fe(II) species and associated secondary pollution risks remain poorly constrained. Methods: This study employed controlled column experiments simulating an iron-rich aquifer (ferrihydrite-amended quartz sand) to track the biogeochemical dynamics of toluene degradation coupled with iron transformation. Over 43 days, we quantified spatiotemporal changes in toluene concentrations, dissolved/solid-phase iron species, and microbial community structure through high-frequency hydrochemical monitoring and metagenomic sequencing. Results and discussion: Results demonstrated that iron-reducing consortia (notably Thiobacillus and Pseudomonas) drove > 99% toluene degradation within 10 cm flow distance, effectively containing plume migration. However, Fe(III) reduction generated Fe(II) predominantly (98%) as immobile solid-phase minerals, with only 1%-2% manifesting as dissolved Fe
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