From Smoke to Respiratory Relief: 
Development, Validation and Feasibility of 
Pranayama-based VRBT Module for Enhancing 
Pulmonary Function in Biomass Smoke 
Exposed Women.

Background: Prolonged exposure to biomass smoke is a leading cause of respiratory morbidity among women living in low and middle-income countries, resulting in progressive lung damage and increased risk for chronic respiratory diseases. Purpose: To develop, validate, and evaluate the feasibility of a Methods: The VRBT module was developed through a yoga literature review and scientific evidence, and then evaluated for content validity by 22 yoga experts using Lawshe's CVR method. One month pre-post feasibility trial of the module was conducted among 12 rural non-smoking women mean age of 50.42 ± 8.05 years; Biomass Exposure Index ≥ 60 hour-years. Pulmonary function was measured at baseline and post-intervention using Spirometer RMS Helios 401. Statistical analyses were conducted using paired Results: Fourteen practices met the CVR threshold of 0.45; the final module duration is 40 minutes. After one month, significant improvements were observed in FVC (1.43 ± 0.41 L to 1.94 ± 0.37 L, Conclusion: The module was designed for simplicity and ease of adoption by women, ensuring its accessibility. Hence, the VRBT module can be administered to the women exposed to biomass smoke.