Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41199314›Full record

ArticleVirology journal2025

Prevalence of Hepatitis E genotype 3 among liver disease patients in Southwestern Nigeria.

Olusola Anuoluwapo Akanbi, Adeolu Sunday Oluremi, Margaret Oluwatoyin Japhet, Folakemi Abiodun Osundare, Patrycja Klink, Dominik Harms, C-Thomas Bock, Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Virology journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Olusola Anuoluwapo AkanbiDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Adeolu Sunday OluremiDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Margaret Oluwatoyin JaphetDepartment of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria.
Folakemi Abiodun OsundareDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
Patrycja KlinkDepartment Infectious Diseases, Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Dominik HarmsDepartment Infectious Diseases, Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany. harmsd@rki.de.
C-Thomas Bock *Department Infectious Diseases, Viral Gastroenteritis and Hepatitis Pathogens and Enteroviruses, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye *Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Owing to its high mortality rate, viral hepatitis is a major public health problem, especially in low-income countries. In Africa, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are highly endemic, and HBV/HEV coinfections, which are associated with more severe liver disease and poor outcomes, are common. HEV genotypes 1 and 2 have been associated with large human outbreaks, while 3 is known to circulate in pigs and sporadically in humans. In this study, the prevalence of HBV and HEV among individuals with acute or chronic liver diseases in Osun State, Southwest Nigeria, was analyzed. One hundred plasma samples from liver disease patients attending Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital were analyzed for the presence of anti-HEV antibodies and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) via ELISA, and HEV RNA and HBV DNA were analyzed via RT‒PCR. Virus genotyping was performed by sequencing and subsequent phylogenetic analysis. Overall, 50 individuals (50%) were positive for HBsAg, of which 14 (28%) also tested positive for HBV DNA. Two individuals (2%) had occult HBV infection. Most HBV strains were genotype E, except for two genotype A (A2 and A3). Anti-HEV antibodies were detected in eight individuals (8%), with one (1%) being positive for anti-HEV IgM and seven (7%) for anti-HEV IgG. Nine (9%) samples had detectable HEV RNA, with one being HEV-3; a rare occurrence in Nigeria. Coinfection with HBV/HEV was detected in seven (7%) individuals. The prevalence of HEV in Nigeria is low, but considering the high prevalence of HBV and the possible complications due to HEV coinfection or superinfection, HEV screening and HBV vaccination targeting high-risk populations are emphasized.

Indexed as

GenotypeHepatitis EHepatitis E virusAdolescentAdultAgedCoinfectionDNA, ViralEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayFemaleHepatitis AntibodiesHepatitis BHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis B virusHumansMaleDNA, ViralHepatitis AntibodiesHepatitis B Surface AntigensRNA, ViralCoinfectionHBVHEVLiver diseaseNigeria

Identifiers

PMID41199314
PMCPMC12590905

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.