Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41198915›Full record

ArticleDiabetologia2026

Perceived stress in mothers of children with and without islet and coeliac autoimmunity in the ENDIA study.

Rebecca L Thomson, Guinevere Martin, Kelly J McGorm, Timothy Spelman, Maria E Craig, Megan A S Penno, John M Wentworth, Peter G Colman, Elizabeth A Davis, Aveni Haynes and 6 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Rebecca L ThomsonAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia. r.thomson@adelaide.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-4144
Guinevere MartinAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-0280-0628
Kelly J McGormAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-6998
Timothy SpelmanAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9204-3216
Maria E CraigSchool of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6004-576X
Megan A S PennoAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-0826
John M WentworthDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5197-3529
Peter G ColmanDepartment of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8718-6175
Elizabeth A DavisChildren's Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-5473
Aveni HaynesChildren's Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9954-5016
Tony HuynhDepartment of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7909-3670
Georgia SoldatosMonash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Jason A Tye-DinWalter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7687-9654
Helena OakeyAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1057-7615
Jennifer J CouperAdelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences and Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4448-8629
ENDIA Study Group

Funding

Breakthrough T1D, the recipient of the Commonwealth of Australia grant for Accelerated Research under the Medical Research Future Fund 1-SRA-2019-871-MBBreakthrough T1D, the recipient of the Commonwealth of Australia grant for Accelerated Research under the Medical Research Future Fund 3-SRA-2020-966-M-NBreakthrough T1D, the recipient of the Commonwealth of Australia grant for Accelerated Research under the Medical Research Future Fund 3-SRA-2023-1374-M-NBreakthrough T1D, the recipient of the Commonwealth of Australia grant for Accelerated Research under the Medical Research Future Fund 4-SRA-2015-127-M-BLeona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 1-SRA-2019-871-MBLeona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 3-SRA-2020-966-M-NLeona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 3-SRA-2023-1374-M-NLeona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust 4-SRA-2015-127-M-BNational Health and Medical Research Council APP1025083National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence for the Protection o
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aim/hypothesisWe aimed to assess perceived stress and influencing factors in mothers with children at risk of type 1 diabetes and coeliac disease who did, or did not, develop islet autoantibodies (IA) or coeliac autoantibodies (CA) by 4 years of age.

methodsMaternal perceived stress was assessed postpartum and when their child was approximately 4 years of age using the Perceived Stress Scale (range 1-56) in mothers followed prospectively in the multicentre Environmental Determinants of Islet Autoimmunity (ENDIA) pregnancy-birth cohort. Data were analysed using linear mixed models.

resultsIn total, 818 mothers were included (642 children had no detected IA or CA [Ab negative], 97 had IA detected [IA positive] and 79 had CA detected [CA positive]). The development of IA or CA in young children did not add significantly to the perceived stress of their mothers at a median of 1.8 [IQR 0.8-2.5] and 1.6 [IQR 0.9-2.3] years later, respectively (Ab negative, adjusted predicted mean score 23.8 [95% CI 22.7, 24.9]; IA positive, 22.8 [21.0, 24.6]; CA positive, 25.2 [23.3, 27.2]). Maternal type 1 diabetes did not alter this result. On exploratory predictor analysis a higher perceived stress score at 4 years was associated with a history of mental health illness (β=4.66 [95% CI 3.30, 6.02]) and mental health medication use (β=2.71 [0.64, 4.78]), independent of child autoantibody status or maternal type 1 diabetes status. CONCLUSIONS/

interpretationDetection of IA or CA in their child did not increase ongoing maternal perceived stress after 1-2 years in a cohort that received consistent support and education. History of mental health illness and mental health medication use were associated with increased perceived stress in mothers regardless of their child's autoantibody status.

Indexed as

AutoimmunityCeliac DiseaseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1Islets of LangerhansMothersStress, PsychologicalAdultAutoantibodiesChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMalePregnancyProspective StudiesAutoantibodiesChildrenCoeliac diseasePsychologicalScreeningStressType 1 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41198915

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.