Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41198801›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Influence of graphene quantum dots on the aging properties of polyvinyl butyral as a relics adhesive.

Xuwen Xie, Siyu Zhang, Zichen Zhao, Shulei Li, Qing Niu, Chen Wu, Xin Liu, Yan Wu, Xing Zhao

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xuwen Xie *China-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
Siyu Zhang *China-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
Zichen Zhao *China-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
Shulei LiChina-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
Qing NiuXi'an Cultural Heritage Promotion Centre, Xi'an, 710001, China.
Chen WuChina-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China.
Xin LiuHenan Provincial Institute of Cultural Heritage and Archaeology, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
Yan WuXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Cultural Heritage Protection Center, Urumqi, 830000, China.
Xing ZhaoChina-Central Asia "the Belt and Road" Joint Laboratory on Human and Environment Research, Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, China. zhaoxing@nwu.edu.cn.

Funding

the National Natural Science Foundation of China 52203126
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is commonly used as an adhesive for cultural relics. However, PVB suffers from poor stability, yellowing, and decreased adhesion performance after aging. Here, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) were used as stabiliser materials to modify PVB and obtain GQDs@PVB that was improved in anti-UV/thermal aging. The yellowness index, adhesive strength, chemical structure, and thermal properties of PVB and GQDs@PVB, before and after aging, are characterized using a benchtop spectrophotometer, universal testing machine, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and simultaneous thermal analyzer. The results indicate that during the aging process, GQDs@PVB shows a lower yellowness index and higher adhesive strength than that of PVB consistently. Meanwhile, it exhibits a lower intensity of carbonyl peaks generated by thermal aging with a thermal decomposition temperature increased by 19 °C. The addition of GQDs improves the photothermal stability of PVB and holds promise for the stability research of materials in relics conservation.

Indexed as

Graphene quantum dotsPolyvinyl butyralRelics adhesiveStability

Identifiers

PMID41198801
PMCPMC12592719

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.