ArticlePsycho-oncology2025
Associations of Critical Relationships With Distress and Burden in Caregivers of Patients With Brain Tumor.
Article in Psycho-oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04268979 (Electronic Social Network Assessment Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Electronic Social Network Assessment Program (eSNAP) + Caregiver Navigator Intervention for Neuro-Oncology
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Illness Perception and Psychosocial Adjustment in Brain Tumor Patients and Their Family Caregivers: An Actor-Partner Interdependence Model Analysis.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Associations of Critical Relationships With Distress and Burden in Caregivers of Patients With Brain Tumor.Psycho-oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle data exists on critical relationships for caregivers of patients with brain tumors, or how their social context impacts caregiver well-being.
aimsOur goal was to describe and categorize the critical relationships reported by caregivers of patients with brain tumors, and to assess the association of categories of critical social relationships with caregiver reports of anxiety, depression, and burden.
methodsWe analyzed baseline self-report data collected from neuro-oncology caregivers enrolled in a supportive care trial. Data included demographics, presence of critical relationships-a confidante or person contributing stress, anxiety, depression, and burden. Critical relationships categories were operationalized as: positive (confidant, no stressful person), negative (no confidant, stressful person), neutral (no confidant nor stressful person), and ambivalent (confidant and stressful person). Descriptive statistics were calculated. One-way ANOVAs assessed differences between relationship category groups on caregiver reports of anxiety, depression, and burden.
resultsData from 119 caregivers were analyzed. Caregivers had a mean age of 57 years (SD = 15), were mostly non-Hispanic White (92%), female (70%), spouses (52%) of patients with grade 4 tumors (69%). Most caregivers were categorized as having positive (53%) or ambivalent (30%) critical relationships. Significant differences between relationship categories were seen in anxiety, depression, and burden (ps < 0.01).
conclusionsAlthough most caregivers of people with brain tumors have confidants, many also identify people who contribute stress. The presence of stressful individuals can negatively impact caregiver well-being in a way that is not counterbalanced by the co-presence of a confidant. Future work should focus on helping caregivers manage stressful relationships. STUDY REGISTRATION: The study was pre-registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04268979. ANALYTIC PLAN PRE-REGISTRATION: The analysis plan for this manuscript was not formally pre-registered.
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