ArticleJournal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract2026
Evaluating the role of preoperative serum insulin-like growth factor 1 as a predictor of survival and recurrence for patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in physiology and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLow serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level is associated with shorter overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative IGF-1 levels are associated with OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy.
methodsPatients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC between 2001 and 2023 were identified from a prospectively maintained database at the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Patients with IGF-1 measured within 8 weeks after hepatectomy were included. The median IGF-1 level was used as a cutoff value to categorize high and low IGF-1 levels. The primary endpoint was OS, and the secondary endpoint was RFS.
resultsA total of 51 patients were included in this study. The median age was 66 years, and 65% of patients were males. The median IGF-1 level was 87 ng/mL. Patients with low IGF-1 levels were more likely to be ≥65 years old, with history of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and tobacco use, and to have multinodular tumors and higher alpha-fetoprotein levels. After a median follow-up of 61 months, no difference in RFS between the high and low IGF-1 groups was found. OS was significantly longer in patients with high IGF-1 levels than in those with low IGF-1 levels (5-year OS: 80% vs 45%, respectively; P =.027). On multivariate analysis, a high IGF-1 level was significantly associated with better OS (hazard ratio, 0.33 [95% CI, 0.12-0.93]).
conclusionLow preoperative IGF-1 levels were a predictor of poor survival after liver resection for HCC but did not correlate with recurrence rates. This may be related to poor hepatic reserve in patients with low IGF-1 levels.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.