Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41196504›Full record

SynthesisCurrent atherosclerosis reports2025

The Association between Vitamin D and Peripheral Arterial Disease and its Value as a Prognostic and Diagnostic Marker A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alkis Bontinis, Vangelis Bontinis, Georgios A Pitoulias, Konstantinos Kouskouras, Argirios Giannopoulos, Vasileios Rafailidis, Ioanna Pouliopoulou, Kiriakos Ktenidis

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Current atherosclerosis reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Alkis BontinisDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vangelis BontinisDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. vangelisbont@hotmail.com.
Georgios A PitouliasDivision of Vascular Surgery - 2nd Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, "G. Gennimatas" Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Konstantinos KouskourasDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Argirios GiannopoulosDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Vasileios RafailidisDepartment of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ioanna Pouliopoulou2nd Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Kiriakos KtenidisDepartment of Vascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewVitamin D deficiency is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through pathways that foster atherosclerosis. This review aims to clarify the relationship between serum vitamin D and peripheral artery disease (PAD), while evaluating the prognostic implications and diagnostic utility of vitamin D deficiency in PAD patients. RECENT

findingsPatients with PAD, displayed significantly lower serum vitamin D levels compared to non-PAD individuals, mean difference (MD), - 2.12ng/mL (95%CI:-4.13 to - 0.12). Individuals with vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) exhibited a higher prevalence of PAD relative to those with insufficient or sufficient levels, odds ratio (OR), 1.52 (95%CI:1.07-2.18). Unadjusted prognostic factor analysis displayed an increased hazard for PAD occurrence among deficient patients, hazard ratio (HR), 1.04 (95%CI:1.02-1.06), an outcome that failed to retain its statistical significance upon parameter adjustment, adjusted HR, 1.01 (95%CI:0.99-1.03). Diagnostic accuracy analysis displayed the poor performance of the 20ng/mL threshold with pooled sensitivity and specificity of 0.76 (95%CI:0.55-0.90) and 0.34 (95%CI:0.17-0.57). Further analysis identified a negative predictive value (NPV) of 94% for the 19.65ng/mL threshold, indicating a 6% prevalence of PAD above this cutoff. While this review displayed both decreased vitamin D concentrations for PAD patients and an increased prevalence of PAD among patients with vitamin D deficiency, the prognostic effect of vitamin D on the development of PAD remains inconclusive. Despite the poor performance of vitamin D deficiency as a diagnostic marker, the NPV displayed by the analysis further supports the possible association between vitamin D deficiency and PAD.

Indexed as

Peripheral Arterial DiseaseVitamin DVitamin D DeficiencyBiomarkersHumansPrognosisBiomarkersVitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin dPADPeripheral arterial diseaseVitamin d

Identifiers

PMID41196504

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.