ArticleJournal of virology2025
Vaccination protects against COVID-associated pulmonary fibrin deposition.
Article in Journal of virology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The immunopathological spectrum of COVID-19: from cytokine storm to autoimmunity-a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Understanding the protective mechanism of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines against severe COVID is important for therapeutic development to mitigate disease-associated lung pathologies. Here, we investigated the association between vaccination and the disease severity with a particular emphasis on viral-induced pulmonary fibrin formation in 43 COVID individuals. While COVID vaccination reduced the disease severity in this cohort, their plasma coagulation indices, including prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), and D-dimer concentrations, remain unchanged between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals. In contrast, vaccination lowered pulmonary inflammatory and coagulation signatures, reduced fibrinogen concentrations, and prevented prothrombin activation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), such that no viral-induced fibrin was observed in the vaccinated BALF. The formation of viral-induced fibrin correlated with the disease severity and was observed in non-vaccinated BALF samples containing high concentrations of fibrinogen and prothrombin, suggesting vaccination protected against the viral-induced pulmonary fibrin formation. Our finding highlights the use of pulmonary rather than plasma fibrinogen levels as a risk indicator for severe COVID disease.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding the protective mechanism of COVID-19 vaccines against the severity of the disease is important for therapeutic development, and thus, subject to intense investigation. Here, we studied a cohort of 43 COVID patients based on their vaccination status. We showed that (i) COVID disease severity is associated with the formation of SARS-CoV-2-induced pulmonary fibrin, (ii) vaccination protected against severe COVID disease by reducing infiltration of coagulants, preventing prothrombin activation and fibrin deposition in infected lungs, and (iii) plasma coagulation indices are not useful indicators for fibrin deposition in infected lungs. Rather, the level of pulmonary fibrinogen provides an informative indicator for COVID-associated coagulation in lung.
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Registered trials
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