Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41195081›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2025

Visual attention during non-immersive virtual reality balance training in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment: an eye-tracking study.

Marcos Maldonado-Díaz, Gonzalo Jara-Vargas, Felipe González-Seguel

Erratum issued Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07702526 (Effects of an Eye-Movement Intervention on Cognitive Impairment in Individuals Across Illness Stages of Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07702526 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Effects of an Eye-Movement Intervention on Cognitive Impairment in Individuals Across Illness Stages of Schizophrenia: Protocol for a Stratified Randomized, Active-Controlled, Assessor-Blinded Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorShanghai Mental Health CenterRan2026 to 2028Enrolled160ConditionsSchizophrenia, Cognitive Impairment, Clinical High Risk for PsychosisArmsEye-Movement Training, Finger-Controlled Game Training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Marcos Maldonado-DíazDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.
Gonzalo Jara-VargasClinica Red Salud Providencia, Santiago, Chile.
Felipe González-SeguelSchool of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Older adults with cognitive impairment often present with balance deficits, reduced walking speed, and attentional difficulties-particularly in executive function. These challenges increase fall risk and complicate traditional rehabilitation approaches. Eye-tracking technology offers an objective way to evaluate attention by analyzing oculomotor behavior during tasks, but its use in clinical rehabilitation contexts is still limited. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate visual attention using eye-tracking metrics during a non-immersive virtual reality-based balance training program in older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Methods: This was an exploratory pilot study with a prospective, descriptive cohort, based on a non-controlled, quasi-experimental design of seven older adults with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. Each patient underwent VR-based balance training using Rehametrics Results: Patients showed a small numerical increase, without reaching statistical significance in task difficulty progression ( Conclusions: Eye-tracking provided valuable metrics into attentional behavior during balance training in older adults with cognitive impairment. Its integration into non-immersive virtual reality rehabilitation may help better understand and address cognitive-motor interactions. Further studies with larger samples are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.

Indexed as

attentionbalance trainingcognitive impairmenteye-trackingolder adultsvirtual reality

Identifiers

PMID41195081
PMCPMC12583179

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.