Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41194997›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in public health2025

From data to action: addressing geographic inequalities in rabies burden through targeted policies.

Lu He, En-Li Tan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Lu HeSchool of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
En-Li TanThe First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Rabies remains a preventable yet fatal zoonotic disease, disproportionately affecting low- and middle-income settings. Despite global progress in prevention and control, the extent of geographic, socioeconomic, and age-related disparities in rabies burden has not been fully quantified. Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, we evaluated global, regional, national, and sociodemographic index (SDI)-specific patterns in rabies burden, focusing on age-standardized rate (ASR), including age-standardized incidence (ASIR), prevalence (ASPR), mortality (ASMR), and disability-adjusted life-year rates (ASDR). Temporal trends were quantified using the average annual percentage change (AAPC). Health inequalities were examined using the slope index of inequality (SII) and concentration index (CCI), while frontier analysis was conducted to estimate potential gains relative to socioeconomic development. Results: In 2021, the global ASIR of rabies was 0.129 per 100,000 population [95% uncertainty interval ( Conclusion: Global rabies elimination requires comprehensive efforts to reduce disparities both between and within countries, primarily by expanding access to post-exposure prophylaxis, increasing dog vaccination coverage and addressing socioeconomic inequalities.

Indexed as

Global HealthHealth PolicyHealth Status DisparitiesRabiesAnimalsCost of IllnessDisability-Adjusted Life YearsDogsGlobal Burden of DiseaseHumansIncidencePrevalenceSocioeconomic FactorsBayesian age-period-cohortdisability-adjusted life-yearsglobal burden of diseasehealth inequalityrabies

Identifiers

PMID41194997
PMCPMC12584861

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.