Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41194565›Full record

ArticleOphthalmic research2025

Prevalence of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the United States: A Medicare-Based Analysis from 2014 to 2021.

Rohan Bir Singh, Isabella Stettler, Francesco Romano, Uday Pratap Singh Parmar, Pier Luigi Surico, Xinyi Ding, Janice Kim, Karima K Rai, Joan W Miller, John B Miller

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmic research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rohan Bir SinghDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Isabella StettlerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Francesco RomanoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Uday Pratap Singh ParmarDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Pier Luigi SuricoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Xinyi DingDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Janice KimJules Stein Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Karima K RaiDepartment of Ophthalmology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA.
Joan W MillerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
John B MillerDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, john_miller@meei.harvard.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss among older adults in the USA. Understanding its prevalence and demographic distribution is critical for developing targeted public health strategies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of AMD and its clinical stages among US Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Vision and Eye Health Surveillance System (VEHSS) database of Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with AMD between 2014 and 2021. Crude prevalence rates for overall AMD, early AMD, intermediate AMD, wet AMD, and geographic atrophy (GA) were calculated at national and state levels. Prevalence was stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Statistical analyses included the Mann-Whitney U test for age and sex comparisons, the Brown-Forsythe one-way ANOVA for racial/ethnic comparisons, and the Dunnett T3 test for post hoc analyses.

resultsIn 2021, the VEHSS-Medicare dataset included 24,129,807 individuals aged 65 and older, among whom the national prevalence of AMD was 10.40%. Prevalence rates for early AMD, intermediate AMD, wet AMD, and GA were 2.87%, 6.91%, 2.14%, and 0.73%, respectively. The number of AMD cases increased from 2.33 million in 2014 to 2.51 million in 2021. Prevalence was significantly higher in individuals aged ≥85 years compared to those aged 65-84 years, and in females compared to males. Post hoc analyses demonstrated that White individuals had a significantly higher prevalence of AMD compared with all other racial/ethnic groups.

conclusionsThe prevalence of AMD among US adults aged 65 years and older was 10.4%, with higher rates observed in the oldest age groups, females, and White individuals. These findings highlight the importance of addressing disparities in AMD prevention and care, particularly in populations at greatest risk.

Indexed as

Macular DegenerationMedicareAgedAged, 80 and overAge DistributionFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceRetrospective StudiesUnited StatesAge-related macular degenerationEpidemiologyMedicarePrevalenceStages

Identifiers

PMID41194565
PMCPMC12705084

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.