Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41194125›Full record

ArticleOrphanet journal of rare diseases2025

Cracking the code: a head-to-head comparison of expert clinicians and artificial intelligence in diagnosing rare diseases.

Georg Wolfgang Sendtner, Martin Muecke, Lorenz Grigull, Tim Bender, Charlotte Behning, Valentin Sebastian Schäfer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Orphanet journal of rare diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Georg Wolfgang SendtnerClinic of Internal Medicine III, Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany. Georg.sendtner@ukbonn.de.ORCID 0000-0003-1472-7254
Martin MueckeCenter for Rare Diseases Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Lorenz GrigullCenter for Rare Diseases Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Tim BenderCenter for Rare Diseases Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Charlotte BehningInstitute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Valentin Sebastian SchäferClinic of Internal Medicine III, Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with rare diseases often face prolonged diagnostic journeys due to the low prevalence and diverse clinical presentations of these conditions. In Germany, specialized centers for rare diseases, established at university hospitals, offer targeted diagnostic and therapeutic care to reduce diagnostic delays. Tools like "Isabel Healthcare" can support clinicians by streamlining the differential diagnosis process and aiding in the accurate identification of rare conditions.

resultsThe study included 100 patients with a mean age of 44 years. "Isabel Healthcare DDx companion" and the interdisciplinary case conferences generated a total of 727 diagnosis suggestions. Among the top ten diagnoses suggested by "Isabel Healthcare DDx companion", 28% matched at least one diagnosis identified during the interdisciplinary case conferences. The diagnoses suggested as "more likely" by "Isabel Healthcare DDx companion" showed a higher correlation with the differential diagnoses and procedures identified during the interdisciplinary case conferences, suggesting a potential alignment in clinical decision-making processes.

conclusionThis study has demonstrated the potential of the differential diagnostic tool "Isabel Healthcare DDx companion" to assist in patient diagnosis. However, discrepancies between the tool's findings and expert decisions suggest that, although it can support clinicians in decision-making, its independent effectiveness may be limited by accurately filtering and interpreting the essential medical history required for a precise diagnosis.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceRare DiseasesAdolescentAdultAgedDiagnosis, DifferentialFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultArtificial intelligenceDiagnostic toolRare disease

Identifiers

PMID41194125
PMCPMC12590789

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.