Observational studyBMC surgery2025
Predictors of early arm lymphoedema in breast cancer patients treated with modified radical mastectomy -a prospective observational study.
Observational study in BMC surgery, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Factors influencing the incidence of postoperative lymphedema in patients with locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBreast cancer is the most common malignancy among women globally, with 2.3 million new cases in 2022. Advances in early detection and treatment have improved survival, but long-term complications like breast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) remain underrecognized. Affecting 6-40% of patients following axillary lymph node dissection, BCRL leads to chronic swelling, pain, and reduced quality of life. The risk is heightened in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where delayed diagnosis and limited awareness necessitate more aggressive interventions. Despite its profound physical, psychosocial, and economic impact, BCRL remains understudied in LMICs, highlighting the need for region-specific data and preventive strategies.
methodsThis prospective observational study, which was conducted in a tertiary care centre over 18 months (July 2022-December 2023), aimed to identify clinicopathological predictors of the development of early ipsilateral arm lymphoedema in patients undergoing Modified radical mastectomy (MRM). We diagnosed lymphoedema via circumferential measurements (≥ 10% increase in ipsilateral arm) at 1 day pre-surgery and followed up the patients at 1-, 3-, and 6-months post-surgery. Variables included patient demographics, tumour characteristics, and treatment factors.
resultsWe recruited 80 patients, and 21 of them (26.25%) developed lymphoedema in 6 month period, with significant predictors identified as BMI (mean 28.42 vs. 26.04 kg/m
conclusionThe study highlights the critical role of pre-operative risk stratification. These findings underscore the need for personalized surgical and adjuvant strategies to mitigate Lymphoedema risk, enhancing long-term survivorship care in breast cancer patients.
trial registrationClinical Trials Registry India-CTRI/2023/08/056411 (Registered prospectively on 11/08/2023).
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