ReviewmAbs2025
From discovery to the clinic: structural insights, engineering options, clinical, and 'next wave' applications of camelid-derived single-domain antibodies.
Review in mAbs, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Discovery and optimization of a pH-responsive ultra-long-acting VHH-based growth hormone mimetic.mAbs · 2026Article
- Article
- Antibody-Radionuclide Conjugates for Solid Tumors: Multidimensional Strategies from Component Engineering to Synergistic Combination Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Antigen-binding-enhanced divalent nanobody-based immunomagnetic separation coupled with ATP bioluminescence for viable Salmonella detection.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Protocol for in vitro profiling of key TNF downstream signaling pathways involved in cell death and pro-survival signaling in cancer cells.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- The Promise of Single-Domain Antibodies as Ocular Therapeutics: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Differential T cell reactivation by two PD-L1 nanobodies through blockade alone or blockade with internalization.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Antigen-directed single domain antibody-based TNFR1 agonists elicit preferential killing of HER2-overexpressing cancer cells.iScience · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Mapping of Immune Nanobody Repertoires with NanoMAP.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Developability Evaluation of Single-Domain Antibody-Chelator Conjugates for Diagnostic Radiotracers.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- scFv-based biologics in diabetes: from therapeutic potential to clinical prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Camelid-derived single domain antibodies (sdAbs), referred to as VHHs (variable domains of the heavy chain of a heavy chain-only antibodies), recently emerged as promising building blocks for the construction of therapeutic molecules. As of October 2025, on a global perspective, five therapeutics harboring VHH-based paratopes have been granted marketing access from different health authorities. VHHs possess several favorable attributes, such as classical antibody-like affinities and specificities, adequate stabilities and a relatively small size (i.e., low molecular weight) as independent paratopes. Moreover, due to the lack of -light chain association, these sdAbs afford the benefit of multiple reformatting options for engineering of bi- and multifunctional antibodies. In this review, we summarize the structural features of VHHs, discuss sequence diversities of sdAb repertoires found in different camelid species commonly used for VHH generation, and describe different platform technologies for the isolation of VHH paratopes and their humanization. Moreover, we briefly review the composition as well as mechanisms of action of marketed VHH-based therapeutics and present novel biological concepts that harness sdAbs as targeting compounds. Finally, we provide an
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.