ArticleJournal of applied oral science : revista FOB2025
Vagus nerve stimulation alleviates alveolar bone loss and inflammation in ligature-induced periodontitis rat model.
Article in Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveVagus nerve stimulation (VNS) can inhibit inflammation in various diseases by activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. However, whether VNS could attenuate periodontitis by activating α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) remains unknown. METHODOLOGY: Ligature induction was utilized to establish the periodontitis rat model. Periodontal indices like bleeding, tooth mobility, and probing depth, were measured. Bone mineral density, trabecular thickness, and length of the cement-enamel junction to the alveolar bone crest were analyzed using micro-CT. Immunohistochemistry assessed bone morphology and inflammatory levels. Inflammatory cytokines were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. For the in vitro inflammation model, RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharides and acetylcholine to study inflammatory responses.
resultsVNS significantly improved periodontal health and reduced alveolar bone loss in periodontitis rats. VNS alleviated inflammation by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, enhanced bone formation, and activated the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, as evidenced by increased α7-nAChR expression. Additionally, acetylcholine activation of α7-nAChR in RAW264.7 cells inhibited pro-inflammatory responses and promoted anti-inflammatory responses.
conclusionThese findings suggest that VNS can effectively reduce inflammation and improve periodontal outcomes in periodontitis.
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