ArticleAnalytical and bioanalytical chemistry2025
LegioTyper: Rapid typing of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 by flow-based chemiluminescence sandwich microarray immunoassay.
Article in Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Combination of antibody-based screening methods for the identification and quantification of Legionella pneumophila in process water.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
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Abstract
Chemiluminescence imaging of a sandwich microarray immunoassay (CL-SMIA) is a simple and rapid method for antibody-based serotyping of pathogens like L. pneumophila, which is important to identify even outbreak-associated subtypes like L. pneumophila Sg 1 subtype Philadelphia. The CL image pattern can be interpreted by a decision path similar to the well-known "Dresden Panel", which is typically performed via indirect ELISA. New antibodies needed to be characterized for the so-called LegioTyper panel as capturing antibodies to perform the flow-based CL-SMIA. The following was achieved for the LegioTyper principle: (i) minimizing the costs for antibody microarrays by manufacturing Jeffamine-2003-coated polycarbonate sheets, (ii) optimized automated test procedure which is able to perform the CL-SMIA in 34 min, and (iii) covalent immobilization of cAb using a microdispensing buffer which contains reactions for stabilizing and bioconjugation of cAb. Nine mAb and one polyclonal Ab (pAb) were characterized regarding the selectivity to L. pneumophila Sg 1 and additionally to the virulence-associated subtypes Knoxville, France, Allentown, Benidorm, and Philadelphia (all Pontiac group), OLDA, Oxford, Bellingham, Heysham, and Camperdown (all non-Pontiac group). We could show that by using the LegioTyper it is possible to differentiate between L. pneumophila Sg1 and non-Sg1 and between Pontiac and non-Pontiac strains. Additionally, subtyping with the "LegioTyper Panel" was possible for most of the outbreak-associated subtypes. Overall, our study showed that the LegioTyper principle can be used for rapid antibody-based subtyping of L. pneumophila Sg 1 after cultivation. It is an alternative to indirect ELISA or qPCR, which are more labor- and cost-intensive, and the automation is more complicated.
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