Expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 1 in patients with acute myocardial infarction and its relationship with clinical prognosis.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the leading cause of cardiovascular-related mortality worldwide, with inflammation significantly influencing its progression and prognosis. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1), a key inflammasome regulator, facilitates the release of pro-inflammatory factors. However, its expression profile in AMI and its relationship with inflammation and prognosis are not well understood. Methods: A total of 245 AMI patients (undergoing emergency percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 h), 60 patients with unstable angina (UA), and 60 healthy controls were included. Serum NLRP1 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and clinical indicators were measured. The AMI patients were followed up for 6 months to record major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Correlation analysis, regression models, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate its prognostic value. Results: Serum NLRP1 levels increased with the severity of the disease (healthy controls < UA < AMI, Discussion: Serum NLRP1 levels correlate with coronary heart disease severity, indicating inflammation and myocardial injury, and independently predict short-term MACE in AMI. When combined with traditional markers, NLRP1 enhances prognostic assessment efficiency and holds potential as a novel inflammatory marker.