ArticleCureus2025
Clinical Evaluation of Keratinized Tissue Gain Using a Free Gingival Graft Combined With Frenotomy in Patients With Aberrant Mandibular Frenal Attachment: A Three-Month Follow-Up Case Series.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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3 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the treatment of aberrant frenum attachment using frenotomy combined with free gingival grafts (FGGs) with respect to the gain in the width of keratinized gingiva, relapse, mucosal healing, and postoperative pain, as well as scar formation. METHODOLOGY: Twelve adult patients (three males and nine females) with aberrant mandibular frenum attachment underwent frenotomy combined with free gingival grafting at the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, and October University for Modern Sciences and Arts. Frenotomy was performed using split-thickness incisions on both sides of the frenum, followed by apical relocation of the muscle through blunt dissection. A palatal FGG was then harvested and secured to the recipient site with resorbable sutures.
resultsKeratinized tissue increased significantly from 2.08 ± 0.34 mm to 8.83 ± 0.53 mm at three months (p < 0.001). The postoperative pain scores dropped significantly from 5.83 ± 0.35 on day 1 to 0.33 ± 0.14 on day 7 (p < 0.001). The "inflammatory proliferative remodelling" index showed successful healing with scores of 5.33 ± 0.26 (inflammatory), 4.00 ± 0.21 (proliferative), and 2.17 ± 0.11 (remodelling), with a total of 11.5 ± 0.45, indicating excellent healing in 83.3% of cases (p = 0.021). At three months, the frenum was located at a more apical level than baseline by 4.3 ± 0.43 mm, with a significant difference between its baseline and three-month location (p < 0.001). The mean scar index at three months was 4.17 ± 0.94, reflecting mild to moderate scarring.
conclusionThis combined approach is an effective, safe, and predictable modality for treating aberrant labial mandibular frenum attachments in adults, particularly where periodontal health and soft tissue augmentation are the primary goals.
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