ArticleBMC psychology2025
Psychological distress and socio-economic consequences of unemployment: an exploratory analysis.
Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Unemployment has far-reaching consequences that extend beyond economic hardship, profoundly affecting individuals' psychological well-being and social relationships. This study investigates the relationship between unemployment, financial strain, loneliness, institutional trust, and psychological distress in Pakistan. Data were collected through an online survey conducted between January and June 2024 using snowball sampling. Hierarchical multiple regression models were employed to assess the predictors of psychological distress. The findings reveal that unemployment significantly increases psychological distress (β = 0.15), with financial strain (β = 0.18) and loneliness (β = 0.12) emerging as particularly strong contributors. Loneliness alone accounted for 11.6% of the explained variance, underscoring its central role. Institutional trust showed a modest but significant protective effect. Subgroup analyses further indicate that women, rural residents, and younger individuals experience stronger effects of unemployment and financial inadequacy on psychological well-being, highlighting their particular vulnerability. These results emphasize the need for policy interventions that target both economic insecurity and psychosocial stressors. Strategies to reduce loneliness, strengthen institutional trust, and expand gender-sensitive and rural-focused employment support programs are especially critical for mitigating the mental health burden of unemployment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.