ArticleFrontiers in zoology2025
Sex-specific behavioral flexibility in rapid adaptation to a new environment.
Article in Frontiers in zoology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBehavioral adaptations are considered an important factor of population success in colonizing novel environments. Individuals can be selected for specific behavioral traits during transport, introduction and especially establishment phase of the invasion process. Aside from population level average of behavioral traits, both among- and within individual variability can contribute to achieving behavioral optima for efficiently acquiring resources in new habitats. Here, we study activity/exploration behavioral traits and boldness in a novel insular population of Italian wall lizard (Podarcis siculus) with a known colonizing history and propagule pressure. We apply Bayesian mixed-effects models and variance partitioning to compare the activity/exploration behavioral traits and boldness between ancestral population from Pod Kopište island and novel population from Pod Mrčaru island.
resultsWe found no difference in average levels of activity/exploration behavioral traits (distance moved and angular velocity) or boldness between populations or sexes. Among-individual variance in both behaviors was preserved in novel population, despite small propagule size of ten individuals. Females from ancestral Pod Kopište had substantially lower within-individual variability of distance moved than males. However, females within-individual variability for this trait increased in the novel Pod Mrčaru population, while males remained the same. Females on Pod Mrčaru population also exhibited strong increase in within-individual variability in angular velocity, even surpassing the values denoted for males in that population. In contrast, within-individual variance in boldness did not differ across population by sex groups.
conclusionsOur results show that among-individual behavioral variation can be preserved even in populations founded by small propagule. Our study also demonstrates sexual dimorphism in the within-individual variability of activity/exploration behavioral traits, both within the populations and in the direction and intensity of change in a new environment. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of studying behavioral flexibility in addition to average population or individual behavioral traits and emphasizes the role of females' activity/exploration in adaptation to new environments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.