ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2025
Determinants of antenatal care utilization among Saudi females: application of Andersen's behavioral model: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAntenatal care (ANC) is pivotal for maternal and child health outcomes. In Saudi Arabia, while there has been significant progress in healthcare access and quality, disparities in ANC utilization persist. This study applies Andersen’s expanded behavioral model to identify determinants of ANC utilization among Saudi women in Jazan.
methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted at urban and rural PHC centers (January–June 2023). Of 385 eligible women, 370 participated (96.1%). Variables mapped to predisposing, enabling, and need domains were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression; significance was set at p < 0.05.
resultsAdequate ANC utilization (≥ 8 contacts, in line with WHO recommendations) was significantly more likely among employed women (AOR 1.94, 95% CI 1.22–3.10, p = 0.005), older women, (per year AOR 1.06, 1.01–1.11, p = 0.020), and those whose husbands had primary education (vs. none: AOR 11.96, 1.89–75.79, p = 0.008). Surprisingly, higher maternal education was associated with lower odds of adequate utilization (university vs. none: AOR 0.12, 0.03–0.56, p = 0.007).
conclusionsThis study identified a combination of socio-demographic, economic, and health-related factors that significantly influence both awareness of and engagement with ANC services among Saudi women. It highlights how maternal employment status, age, and husband’s education affect ANC awareness and utilization in the Jazan region. Customized interventions targeting these determinants can enhance ANC uptake and improve maternal and neonatal health outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.