Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41188595›Full record

ArticleNature food2025

Unstable supply and future shortages of wild forage fish heighten risks to global fed aquaculture production.

Yue Liu, Ziyu Jiang, Richard S Cottrell, Michael F Tlusty, Kevin Fitzsimmons, Ling Cao

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature food, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yue Liu *State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9636-3655
Ziyu Jiang *State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-2277-0944
Richard S CottrellInstitute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, College of Sciences and Engineering, University of Tasmania, Sandy Bay, Tasmania, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-7503
Michael F TlustySchool for the Environment, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7493-2025
Kevin FitzsimmonsEnvironmental Sciences Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Ling CaoState Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China. caoling@xmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-0518

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 42425603
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aquaculture sector growth is challenged by feed constraints, particularly the erratic availability and cost of fishmeal and oil from wild forage fish. Limited attention is given to the risks that forage fish shortfalls pose to aquaculture feed supplies. Here we develop a shortfall impact model to investigate the effects of varying forage fish supply scenarios on global fed aquaculture. Results suggest fisheries management interventions and persistent climate impact could reduce forage fish catches by 4.5% to 19.4%, resulting in an 8% to 35.2% decline in fed aquaculture production. Countries cultivating carnivorous species and leading aquaculture-producing nations are most affected. To sustain production, 1.8 million tonnes of alternative ingredients annually will be required, highlighting the urgent need for cost-effective alternatives to ensure resilience.

Indexed as

Animal FeedAquacultureFishesFood SupplyAnimalsClimate ChangeFisheries

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.