ArticleScientific reports2025
Integrating mass spectrometry and hyperspectral imaging for protoporphyrin IX detection in malignant glioma tissue.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Maximal safe tumor resection is crucial for the treatment of high-grade gliomas (HGG). 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-mediated fluorescence-guided surgery enhances tumor visualization by inducing protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation. However, current fluorescence-based observation devices lack the sensitivity for detecting tumor cells in low-density infiltrative zones. Hyperspectral imaging (HI) offers a potential solution. In this study, HI-derived PpIX measurements were compared to those obtained from reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS), a method that delivers accurate concentrations. Additionally, we investigated coproporphyrins (Cp) I and III, since they potentially interfere with PpIX determination. Pig brain was used as a surrogate for protocol development and acquisition of comparative HI and LC-MS reference data, which were subsequently used to evaluate the results obtained from 27 biopsies from nine patients undergoing 5-ALA-mediated tumor resection. During sample preparation for LC-MS, 80% PpIX and 45% combined Cp I & III were recovered from brain tissue. For LC-MS quantification of PpIX, accuracy ranged from 98 to 137%, and coefficient of variation was 5-14%, indicating sufficient precision. For HI, the values were 77-121% and 11-31%, respectively. Notably, HI significantly overestimated PpIX concentrations compared to those determined by LC-MS. This study highlights LC-MS as a reliable method for porphyrin quantification and suggests that HI workflows need further optimization for accurate tumor delineation in HGG.
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