Trial reportNeurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics2026
Paired associative stimulation improves outcomes when applied at the subacute stage after incomplete cervical spinal cord injury.
Trial report in Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improving hand function in chronic incomplete tetraplegia by high-PAS intervention with alternative equipment: a case report.Spinal cord series and cases · 2026Article
- Reopening Motor Learning Windows: Targeted Re-Engagement of Latent Pathways via Non-Invasive Neuromodulation.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We conducted a randomized sham-controlled clinical trial from 2019 to 2024 to characterize the safety and efficacy of applying paired-associative stimulation (PAS), consisting of high-intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation and high-frequency peripheral nerve stimulation, at early stages after incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI) to enhance motor recovery. Patients with incomplete cervical SCI were randomized 1:1 within 1-4 months post-injury to receive 12 weeks of PAS or sham stimulation alongside conventional rehabilitation, which was not changed. Patients were followed up to 1.5 years after injury (about 1 year after end of stimulation). Seventeen patients (14 males, age 53 ± 16 years) participated. Manual Muscle Test revealed a significant effect of treatment in favor of active group (F (1, 470) = 14.69; p < 0.001) in muscles that had no antigravity activity before beginning of stimulation. Improvement from baseline was observed at the end of stimulation (active: 346 ± 53 %, sham: 215 ± 26 %), 1 year after injury (about 6 months after end of treatment; active: 389 ± 61 %, sham: 241 ± 39 %), and at 1.5 years after injury (about 12 months after end of treatment; active: 419 ± 73 %, sham: 210 ± 17 %). Greater improvement in fine motor skill tests was observed in the active group. Although the Spinal Cord Independence Measure showed no differences between groups (p = 0.36-0.83), there was improvement in activity of daily living tests. The intervention was feasible and well-tolerated in both groups. PAS is a safe and feasible therapy that can be added to conventional rehabilitation even in early stages after SCI.
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