ArticleInternational ophthalmology2025
Age and gender differences in acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction in a Saudi Arabian population.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis study assesses male to female NLDO incidence as a function of age in Saudi Arabia and compares the demographics to a western population.
methodsA retrospective review was conducted to identify patients who consecutively underwent dacryocystorhinostomy at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital between January 1, 2011 and April 31, 2012. Diagnosis of NLDO was confirmed by lacrimal irrigation as reported in clinical records, and patients with an identifiable cause of obstruction (i.e. trauma) were excluded. Demographic data (age and gender) were recorded.
resultsA total of 68 patients were identified (47 females, 21 males; mean age 44.5 ± 18.5). The overall male-to-female ratio was 1:2.2; however, acquired NLDO incidence was higher in men than women (ratio 1:0.75) in the 15-24 age group. The mean age in our study (44.5 years) was significantly younger than those in the Olmsted County series (59.5 years, p < 0.001). Compared to the Olmsted County series, there was a lower incidence ratio of female patients in the 15-24 age group within our population (male-to-female, 1:0.75 vs. 1:4.5).
conclusionsOur study found the mean age of patients with NLDO in a Saudi Arabian population is significantly younger than the mean age of a western population and a relatively higher incidence of NLDO in men than women under 25 years in the Saudi Arabian population. These demographic features may suggest different pathophysiologic mechanisms for the development of NLDO in the Saudi Arabian population. Whether these variations stem from genetic, environmental or other influences has yet to be established.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41186765What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.