ArticleCureus2025
Peripherally Induced Oromandibular Dystonia Following Orthognathic Surgery.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPeripherally induced movement disorders are hyperkinetic conditions triggered by peripheral trauma or surgical intervention. Oromandibular dystonia (OMD), a focal dystonia affecting the masticatory and lingual muscles, is the most common peripherally induced movement disorder within the stomatognathic system. However, OMD following orthognathic surgery has rarely been reported.
objectiveThis study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, latency, and treatment outcomes of patients who developed OMD after orthognathic surgery in a retrospective single-center case series of six patients.
methodsThis retrospective case series included patients presenting with involuntary orofacial movements after orthognathic surgery at Kyoto Medical Center between 2007 and 2025. Inclusion criteria were as follows: onset of OMD within three months following surgery, anatomical correlation, and patient-reported causality. Clinical features, surgical history, latency, and treatment outcomes were analyzed.
resultsSix patients (mean age 35.2 years) met the criteria. Four had mandibular prognathism, one had mandibular prognathism with tongue hypertrophy, and one had bimaxillary prognathism with open bite. All underwent sagittal split ramus osteotomy: two had additional Le Fort I osteotomy, one underwent intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy, and one had tongue reduction surgery. OMD subtypes included jaw closing (n = 2), tongue (n = 2), jaw opening (n = 1), and jaw deviation (n = 1). Mean latency to OMD onset was 39.5 days, while the mean delay before referral was 40.3 months. All patients were treated with botulinum toxin injections, resulting in symptomatic improvement. Notably, none of the surgeons initially recognized the association with surgery.
conclusionsOMD may occur as a possible peripherally induced sequela of orthognathic surgery. Although rare, it is likely underdiagnosed. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons should remain aware of this potential complication to facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.