Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41185774›Full record

ArticleAffective science2025

A Prompt Engineering Method for Generating Emotional Images for Psychological Research.

Yuqing Lu, Xin Hu, Dan Zhang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Affective science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yuqing LuDepartment of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Xin HuDepartment of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
Dan ZhangDepartment of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Standardized image datasets play an essential role in emotion research, but conventional creation methods often demand extensive manual effort and are thereby limited in scope. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially the Text-to-Image Synthesis (TIS) technique combined with prompt engineering, could offer a promising alternative for generating emotional images for psychological research. The present study introduces a novel procedure for emotional image generation, consisting of Seed Prompt Formation, Prompt Set Generation, and TIS to generate emotional images. Using Midjourney and ChatGPT as tools, we evaluated the effectiveness of this procedure through the creation of an AI-Generated Emotional Image Set (AGEIS), which encompasses seven emotion categories (sadness, disgust, amusement, inspiration, fear, tenderness, and neutral). Human evaluations revealed that the AI-generated images in AGEIS induced target emotions effectively and specifically. Additionally, AGEIS images in general were perceived as comparably authentic to real photos in terms of their likelihood of being AI-generated, although AGEIS images depicting disgust and tenderness were more likely to be identified as AI-generated. Taken together, this procedure offers a cost-effective and scalable method for emotional image generation, potentially advancing emotion research into new directions such as large-scale and longitudinal studies.

Indexed as

Artificial intelligenceEmotionEmotional imagePrompt engineeringText-to-image synthesis

Identifiers

PMID41185774
PMCPMC12579609

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.