ArticlePrenatal diagnosis2026
Fetal Diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome With Restrictive Atrial Septum-Atrial Septal Morphology, Associated Lung Disease and Outcomes.
Article in Prenatal diagnosis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Challenges of Fetal Atrial Septal Interventions in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Fetal Diagnosis of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome With Restrictive Atrial Septum-Atrial Septal Morphology, Associated Lung Disease and Outcomes.Prenatal diagnosis · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveFetuses with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and restrictive/intact atrial septum (RAS) have high mortality, partly due to pulmonary lymphangiectasia (PL). This study aimed to characterize atrial septal morphology in fetuses with HLHS and RAS and evaluate the impact of fetal intervention on PL and outcomes.
methodWe retrospectively reviewed clinical data, fetal echocardiograms, and MRIs from all fetuses with HLHS/HLHS-variants and RAS over 20 years. RAS was defined as pulmonary venous forward-to-reverse VTI ratio ≤ 5:1.
resultsWe identified 54 fetuses (gestational age of 24.2 weeks; 21.2-28.1) with HLHS (81%) or HLHS variant (19%) and RAS. Most had a hypoplastic left atrium (LA, 80%). Four atrial septal morphology patterns were identified. PL was present among all patterns and associated with lower VTI ratio (p = 0.046). Mean VTI ratio improved in fetuses who underwent atrial septal intervention (n = 12), compared to those without (p = 0.001). Among five fetuses with pre-intervention PL and serial MRIs, three improved. Seventeen neonates were live-born with intention-to-treat; 6-months mortality was 38% with no difference by morphology pattern, PL, or fetal intervention.
conclusionMost fetuses with HLHS and RAS had hypoplastic LA. VTI ratio correlated with PL on fetal lung MRI, and most improved with fetal atrial septal intervention.
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