Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41185071›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of medical research2025

Combined effect of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance on stroke: a cohort study and mediation analysis.

Yu Gao, Zhiping Duan, Jing Li, Sicheng Du, Lijun Song, Ran Zhao, Yan Hou, Yan Zhao, Ying Li

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of medical research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yu GaoInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-0271-7571
Zhiping DuanDepartment of Geriatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dali University, Kunming, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0007-1893-7239
Jing LiInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
Sicheng DuInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
Lijun SongInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
Ran ZhaoInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
Yan HouInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China.
Yan ZhaoDepartment of Endocrinology 2, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China. zhaoyan1843@sina.com.
Ying LiInternal Medicine Department for Officials, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No.295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, China. liying8506@126.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-8079-1635

Funding

Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education 2024J0866
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundStroke is a major public health challenge, and the combined effects of chronic inflammation and insulin resistance (IR) on stroke require further investigation. This study used high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the metabolic score for insulin resistance (MetS-IR) to assess chronic inflammation and IR, respectively, and explored their combined effects on stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

methodsBased on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort, 7,422 participants ≥ 40 years old without stroke at baseline in 2011 were enrolled and followed up to 2020. MetS-IR was calculated from (ln 2 × fasting plasma glucose + triglyceride × body mass index)/ln high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Participants were divided into four groups based on hsCRP (cut point 1 mg/L) and MetS-IR (cut point 34.4). Cox proportional risk modeling and mediation analysis were used to explore the effect of different inflammation and IR states on stroke.

resultsDuring an average follow-up period of 8.6 years, a total of 781 (10.5%) participants experienced a new stroke. Compared with participants with lower levels of both chronic inflammation and IR, the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for stroke in the higher chronic inflammation group was 1.64 (1.31-2.07), the HR and 95%CI for the higher IR group was 1.51 (1.19-1.90), and for the group with both higher levels of chronic inflammation and IR it was 1.95 (1.58-2.41). In addition, IR mediated 15.6% of the effect of chronic inflammation on stroke; chronic inflammation mediated 13.1% of the effect of IR on stroke.

conclusionsChronic inflammation and IR have independent and superimposed effects on new-onset stroke risk and mediate each other. In primary care and public health services, the use of hsCRP and MetS-IR to assess the body's chronic inflammation and IR status and further assess its risk of a new stroke is a simple and effective new approach.

Indexed as

InflammationInsulin ResistanceStrokeAgedChinaChronic DiseaseCohort StudiesC-Reactive ProteinFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleMediation AnalysisMiddle AgedRisk FactorsC-Reactive ProteinChronic inflammationHigh-sensitivity C-reactive proteinInsulin resistanceMetabolic score for insulin resistanceStroke

Identifiers

PMID41185071
PMCPMC12581360

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.