Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41185033›Full record

ArticleThe international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity2025

Effective components of integrated motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioural therapy for lifestyle behaviour change: a modified Delphi study.

Stephen Barrett, Stephen Begg, Ashley R Dunford, Paul O'Halloran, Jeff Breckon, Emily Denniss, Kane Rodda, Sarah Hardcastle, Paul W Marshall, Tim Anstiss and 15 more

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In one paragraph

Article in The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Stephen BarrettResearch and Innovation, Bendigo Health, Barnard St, Victoria, VIC, 3552, Australia. Sbarrett@bendigohealth.org.au.
Stephen BeggLa Trobe Rural Health School, Bendigo, VIC, Australia.
Ashley R DunfordRenal Services, Bendigo Health, Victoria, 3552, Australia.
Paul O'HalloranCentre for Sport and Social Impact, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia.
Jeff BreckonSchool of Health & Life Sciences, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, TS1 3BA, North Yorkshire, UK.
Emily DennissInstitute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Kane RoddaOutpatient Rehabilitation Services, Bendigo Health, Victoria, 3552, Australia.
Sarah HardcastleSchool of Sport and Physical Activity, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
Paul W MarshallDepartment of Exercise Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Tim AnstissHenley Business School, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
Dominika KwasnickaCentre for Health Equity, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Benjamin BohmanDepartment of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
Cathy AtkinsonUniversity of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Nicholas F TaylorAllied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, Box Hill, VIC, 3086, 3128, Australia.
Cameron RandallDepartment of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, WA, USA.
Colin GreavesSchool of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Kate HallSchool of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia.
Brea KunstlerMonash Sustainable Development Institute, BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Jeroen LakerveldDepartment of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Denise GoodwinMonash Sustainable Development Institute, BehaviourWorks Australia, Monash University, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
Cheryce HarrisonMonash Centre for Health Research & Implementation, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Roland DevliegerDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Dane HalliwellOutpatient Rehabilitation Services, Bendigo Health, Victoria, 3552, Australia.
Daniel Faustino-SilvaGrupo Hospitalar Conceição (GHC), Brazil, Brazil.
Michel KingsleyHolsworth Research Initiative, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, 3552, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere are high levels of ill health across the world, largely due to lifestyle risk factors such as inadequate physical activity, unhealthy diet, and smoking. Behaviour change interventions are widely recommended for addressing many of these risk factors. While integrated motivational interviewing and cognitive behavioural therapy (MI-CBT) is increasingly used to support behaviour change, there is currently no established consensus on its core effective components. The aim of this study was to establish expert consensus on the essential elements of MI-CBT interventions for lifestyle behaviour change.

methodsA modified Delphi study comprised of three iterative online surveys involving international experts in MI-CBT and lifestyle behaviour change was conducted. Using key literature and practice guides, a list of 63 commonly used components in individually delivered motivational interviewing (MI) and cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) interventions were developed. In each round, experts rated their agreement with each component using a Likert scale. Components reaching at least 80% agreement in Rounds 2 or 3 were included in the final list of essential MI-CBT components.

resultsThirty experts with a median of 13 years of experience in behaviour change intervention design and delivery participated in Round 1, with 28 (93%) completing Round 2, and 25 (83%) completing Round 3. Consensus was achieved for 26 components. Of these, eight were relational components which included open-ended questions, affirmations, reflections, summaries, emphasising autonomy and offering emotional support. Sixteen components were based on cognitive behavioural content, and included exploring change expectations, identifying and exploring avoidant behaviour, identifying past successes, and technical strategies such as activity scheduling and relapse prevention. Finally, two process components emphasised the importance of scheduling sessions flexibly based on client needs, and ensuring that the therapist meets recognised standards for MI-CBT training and practice.

conclusionsExpert consensus was established regarding the essential elements of MI-CBT interventions for lifestyle behaviour change. This consensus provides guidance on essential elements to include in integrated MI-CBT interventions, which may strengthen MI-CBT training, improve intervention fidelity, and enhance real-world and research applications targeting physical activity, dietary intake, and smoking cessation. The proposed consensus framework offers a foundation for future trials assessing the effectiveness and implementation of integrated MI-CBT interventions.

Indexed as

Cognitive Behavioral TherapyHealth BehaviorLife StyleMotivational InterviewingConsensusDelphi TechniqueExerciseFemaleHealth PromotionHumansMaleSmoking CessationSurveys and QuestionnairesBehaviour changeDietary changesHealth promotionPhysical activitySmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID41185033
PMCPMC12581319

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.