Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41184972›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Synthesis of conceptual, methodological and pedagogical works on scaling up complex public health interventions: a scoping review.

Nolwenn Stevens, François Alla

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Nolwenn StevensUniv. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Mérisp/PHARES, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, CIC 1401, Bordeaux, F-33000, France. nolwenn.stevens@u-bordeaux.fr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4159-2271
François AllaUniv. Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Mérisp/PHARES, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre Le Cancer, CIC 1401, Bordeaux, F-33000, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5793-7190

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn public health, the scaling up of interventions can bring progress for the health of populations on the basis of promising experiments, by meeting major health, ethical and economic challenges. However, there is no systematic procedure, like those established for drug development, to guide development of a public health intervention with the aim of scaling it up, nor is there a benchmark approach to establish the validity of an intervention for scaling up. We performed a literature review to analyse the concept of scaling up in the public health field.

methodsThe materials included were published between 2000 and 2021 and present conceptual frameworks and models, guides and tools developed for scaling up public health interventions. Three main objects were analysed through these publications: the meanings of the concept of scaling up, success factors or barriers to scaling up, and the steps or phases of work in the scaling up process.

resultsThis research explored 24 bibliographical references: 16 scientific articles, 5 guides or tools, 2 public health science theses and 1 book chapter. Two main approaches were defined: scalability and scaling up. 29 success factors and 28 obstacles to scaling up were identified. Finally, 10 work phases in the scaling up of a public health intervention were described.

conclusionsIn order to embrace the different nuances highlighted in the existing literature, we propose a new definition of public health intervention scaling up. It concerns all levels from local to global. It is not a spontaneous process, but requires active dissemination of the intervention in space, in time and in real world conditions. Several avenues for future research are proposed. They concern the practices of the different stakeholders, specifics of the process according to the scale concerned, the arcana of the scaling up decision, and the connections between the concept of scaling up and other notions in the field.

Indexed as

Public HealthHumansComplex interventionDecision supportEvaluationEvidence-basedPublic health interventionScaling up

Identifiers

PMID41184972
PMCPMC12581316

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.