ArticleAnnals of hematology2025
Proinflammatory bone marrow niches and neutrophil activation are associated with TIGIT expression in multiple myeloma.
Article in Annals of hematology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Multiple Myeloma (MM) is the second most frequent hematologic malignancy in adults in the Western world. The bone marrow microenvironment plays a critical role in MM progression by supporting malignant plasma cell (PC) survival, immune evasion, and proliferation. Among immune checkpoints, TIGIT has recently emerged as a relevant immunoregulatory molecule, capable of dampening cytotoxic responses and enhancing immune suppression. We investigated the expression of TIGIT in the bone marrow of newly diagnosed MM patients and its correlation with disease characteristics and microenvironmental features. We enrolled 25 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MM. Bone marrow samples were collected for cytomorphology, cytogenetics (FISH), and immunohistochemistry using the Cytomatrix system. TIGIT expression was analyzed in bone marrow-infiltrating immune cells. Histological evaluation and confocal microscopy assessed immune cell localization, neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, and proinflammatory cytokine expression. Clinical parameters, staging (ISS, R-ISS, R2-ISS), cytogenetic risk, and laboratory values were correlated with TIGIT status. TIGIT was expressed in 86% (19/22) of evaluable samples. TIGIT-positive patients had a significantly higher frequency of advanced R-ISS stages (p = 0.01), high-risk cytogenetics (100%), and elevated LDH (> 220 mU/ml, 100% TIGIT+). Among patients with PC% >60% or FLC ratio > 100, 92% were TIGIT+. Morphological differences were evident between groups: TIGIT-negative PCs were larger and altered, while TIGIT-positive PCs showed polarized nuclei and proximity to neutrophils. TIGIT-positive samples displayed increased neutrophils undergoing NETosis, as confirmed by neutrophil elastase and Ly6b co-expression (p = 0.0067). Elevated IL-6 (p = 0.0003) and IL-8 (p = 0.004) in TIGIT-positive samples suggest a proinflammatory microenvironment promoting neutrophil recruitment and NETosis. TIGIT expression in the bone marrow of MM patients is associated with more aggressive disease features and an inflammatory microenvironment enriched with NET-forming neutrophils. These findings support TIGIT as a potential biomarker of disease severity and a therapeutic target in MM.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.