ArticleScientific reports2025
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli in two different wastewater treatment plants in Hatay Province, Türkiye.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Wastewaters are considered as hotspot for multidrug resistant bacteria and genes, especially for extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), which pose significant public health concern. Conventional wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are not designed to remove such resistant bacteria before discharge. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of two municipal WWTPs in eliminating ESBL-EC in Hatay province, Türkiye. The isolates were further characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and resistance gene analysis. A total of 24 wastewater samples [influent (n = 12) and effluent (n = 12)] were collected from both conventional and advanced biological WWTP. A total of 66 ESBL-EC were isolated and confirmed as ESBL producer. The abundance of ESBL-EC was significantly more prevalent in the influent water samples (mean 3.86 ± 0.11 log cfu/ml), when compared to the effluent wastewater samples (mean 2.20 ± 0.27 log cfu/ml). According to the PFGE results (cut-off > 85%), 16 isolates were clonally related, whereas 49 isolates were singletons and one isolate could not be evaluated. Besides beta-lactam antibiotics, the isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline (63.63%) and fluoroquinolones (43.93%). The bla
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