ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2025
Stimuli-responsive STING nanovaccine for systemic therapy of HPV-induced cancers.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Special Issue "Recent Advances in Molecular Mechanisms of Human Papillomavirus Family (HPV) Induced Oncogenesis".International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The Exploration of Therapeutic Antivirals for Human Papillomavirus in the Last 40 Years: Bibliometric Research.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Smart Nanoformulations for Oncology: A Review on Overcoming Biological Barriers with Active Targeting, Stimuli-Responsive, and Controlled Release for Effective Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
In recent years, therapeutic cancer vaccines have been extensively investigated, aiming to boost cancer-specific T cells crucial for antitumor activity. The effectiveness of these vaccines is often limited by insufficient immune activation and suboptimal antigen delivery. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an important immune signaling protein that activates host defense genes against infection and cancer. Clinical evaluation of small-molecule STING agonists has shown tepid antitumor responses with immune-related toxicities, particularly when they are administered systemically. To overcome these limitations, we report a stimuli-responsive STING nanovaccine for treating human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers. The nanovaccine consists of di-amidobenzimidazoles (diABZI) conjugated to a STING-activating polymer, PSC7A, through an azobenzene linker as an adjuvant, and HPV16 E7 protein as an antigen. The nanovaccine is responsive to acidic pH and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), which enhances antitumor immunity with reduced systemic toxicity. Upon intravenous injection, the STING nanovaccine (25 to 30 nm in diameter) achieved efficient codelivery of E7 protein and STING agonists to the myeloid cell populations in the secondary lymphoid organs and tumors. Interestingly, PSC7A uptake induces NQO1 expression in dendritic cells and macrophages for accelerated diABZI cleavage and STING activation. This results in efficient production of E7-specific CD8
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